Acetic acid reacts with a sodium compound to release a gas which turns limewater milky. What might be the sodium compound?

Sodium chloride

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Sodium hydroxide

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Sodium carbonate

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Sodium bicarbonate

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Solution

The correct option is D Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium chloride on reaction with acetic acid produces hydrochloric acid and sodium acetate.
$N a C l + C H_{3} C O O H \to C H_{3} C O O N a + H C l$

Acetic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to give a salt like all neutralisation reactions as acetic acid is an acid and sodium hydroxide is a strong base.

$C H_{3} C O O H + N a O H \to C H_{3} C O O N a + H_{2} O$

Acetic acid reacts with carbonates or hydrogen carbonates to give corresponding salts, water and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is the gas that turns limewater milky.

$2 C H_{3} C O O H + N a_{2} C O_{3} \to 2 C H_{3} C O O N a + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$
$C H_{3} C O O H + N a H C O_{3} \to C H_{3} C O O N a + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$
Hence, the sodium compound can either be a sodium carbonate or a sodium bicarbonate.

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