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Question

Acid rain happens because:

A

The sun leads to the heating of upper layer of the atmosphere.

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B

Burning of fossil fuels releases oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere.

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C

Electrical charges are produced due to friction amongst clouds.

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D

Earth atmosphere contains acids.

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Solution

The correct option is (B) Burning fossil fuels releases oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere.

What is Acid Rain?

Due to air pollutants, notably the excessive amounts of sulphur and nitrogen released by machinery and industrial operations, acid rain is made up of water droplets that are very acidic. Since this idea encompasses a variety of acidic precipitation, it is often referred to as acid rain.

Both wet and dry processes contribute to acidic deposition. Any precipitation that takes acids from the air and deposits them on the earth's surface is referred to as wet deposition. Dry deposition of harmful gases and particles adheres to the ground via dust and smoke in the absence of precipitation.

Causes of Acid Rain

Because fossil fuel combustion releases carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur oxides into the atmosphere, acid rain occurs. These compounds have the ability to rise extremely far into the sky, where they combine and react with oxygen, water, and other chemicals to produce acid rain, an additional type of acidic pollution.

Effects of Acid Rain

The following are the effects of acid rain:

  • Animals, vegetation, and agriculture are all severely harmed by acid rain. All nutrients necessary for plant development and survival are washed away. The way acid rain changes the soil's chemical makeup has an impact on agriculture.
  • It affects both people's and animals' respiratory systems.
  • The aquatic ecology is impacted when acid rain falls to the ground and enters ponds, rivers, and lakes. It results in water pollution and changes the chemical makeup of the water in a way that actually makes it difficult for aquatic ecosystems to exist.
  • Acid rain also contributes to water pipe corrosion, which in turn leads to the leaching of heavy metals like iron, lead, and copper into drinking water.
  • It harms architecture and historical landmarks constructed of metal and stone.

Final Answer

Acid rain happens because the burning of fossil fuels releases oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere.

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