Question

Aldehydes and ketones have

Answer 1

Aldehydes and Ketones:

1. The chemical makeup and molecular structure of aldehydes and ketones are similar. They are both referred to as carbonyl compounds since they have a carbonyl functional group.
2. Aldehydes have the carbonyl carbon connected to either one hydrogen and one carbon or two hydrogens, whereas ketone has the carbonyl carbon bonded to two nearby carbon atoms.
3. Due to the presence of the carbonyl group they show similarities in properties and method of preparations.
4. General structure for aldehydes and ketones is $\mathrm{R}-\stackrel{\stackrel{\mathrm{O}}{\left|\right|}}{\mathrm{C}}-\mathrm{H}$, $\mathrm{R}-\stackrel{\stackrel{\mathrm{O}}{\left|\right|}}{\mathrm{C}}-\mathrm{R}$
5. Examples of aldehydes include propionaldehyde(propanal), acetaldehyde (ethanal), and formaldehyde (methanal).
6. Examples of ketones are propanone, methanone, etc.
7. Additional products are formed when aldehydes and ketones react with a Grignard reagent. Alcohol is produced when the extra product is hydrolyzed by water.
8. Aldehydes and ketones both react with hydrogen cyanide to produce cyanohydrins, a new substance.
9. The atoms bound to the core carbon are the main difference. Ketones have $\mathrm{R}$ and ${\mathrm{R}}^{\text{'}}$ substituents connected to the central carbon, whereas aldehydes have an $\mathrm{R}$ group chain of hydrocarbon substituents and hydrogen attached to the central carbon.
10. Ketones and aldehydes are structural isomers of one another. These are compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in their structural formulae. They are functional group isomers, which are isomers with different functional groups.

Therefore, Aldehydes and ketones have carbonyl functional group in common.