All boys between the ages of six and ten went through a preliminary training in Nazi ideology. At the end of the training they had to take the following oath of loyalty to Hitler:'In the presence of this blood banner which represents our Fuhrer I swear to devote all my energies and my strength to the saviour of our country, Adolf Hitler. I am willing and ready to give up my life for him, so help me God.'From W. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third ReichWhat oath did they take?

Q. I. Literary training was a difficult matter. I had neither the resources nor the literary equipment necessary, and I had not the time I would have wished to devote to the subject. We gave three periods at the most to literary training. Hindi, Tamil, Gujarati and Urdu were all taught, and tuition was given through the vernaculars of the boys. English was taught as well.

II. I had undertaken to teach Tamil and Urdu. The little Tamil I knew was acquired during voyages and in jail. I had not got beyond Pope's excellent Tamil handbook. My knowledge of the Urdu script was all that I had acquired on a single voyage, and my knowledge of the language was confined to the familiar Persian and Arabic words. Even my Gujarati was no better than that which one acquires at the school.

III. Such was the capital with which I had to carry on. In poverty of literary equipment my colleagues went one better than I. But my love for the languages of my country, my confidence in my capacity as a teacher, as also the ignorance of my pupils, and more than that, their generosity, stood me in good stead.

IV. Of text-books, about which we hear so much, I never felt the want. I do not even remember having made much use of the books that were available. I did not find it at all necessary to load the boys with quantities of books. I have always felt that the true text-book for the pupil is his teacher. I remember very little that my teachers taught me from books, but I have even now a clear recollection of the things they taught me independently of books.

V. Children take in much more and with less labour through their ears than through their eyes. I do not remember having read any book from cover to cover with my boys. But I gave them, in my own language, all that I had digested from my reading of various books, and I dare say they are still carrying a recollection of it in their minds. It was laborious for them to remember what they learnt from books, but what I imparted to them by word of mouth, they could repeat with the greatest ease. Reading was a task for them, but listening to me was a pleasure, when I did not bore them by failure to make my subject interesting. And from the questions that my talks prompted them to put, I had a measure of their power of understanding.

Adapted from The Story of My Experiments with Truth by M K Gandhi

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer below given question by choosing the correct option.

How did the author describe his language skills before starting the literary training?

[0.8 marks]

Q. When did William III order all Scottish clans to swear an oath of loyalty to him?

Q. In which year did Early Nationalist leader B. C. Pal said: "I am loyal to the British government because with me loyalty to the British government is identical with loyalty to my own people and my own country"?

Q. Which Early Nationalists leader said, "I am loyal to the British government because with my loyalty to the British government is identical with loyalty to my own people and my own country"?

Q. I was born in the Siwalik range in the Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh. I am 320kms in length. My journey takes me to the plains of Mubarakpur, Patiala, Ghanour, Haryana and Rajasthan. During my life, I provide water for irrigation and drinking through canals. I end my journey in the Thar desert. Who am I?

The oath that each boy took was- 'In the presence of this blood banner which represents our Fuhrer I swear to devote all my energies and my strength to the saviour of our country, Adolf Hitler. I am willing and ready to give up my life for him, so help me God.'