All freshwater and some marine sponges survive cold or drought by forming

spores

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buds

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cysts

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gemmules

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Solution

The correct option is D gemmules
All freshwater and some marine sponges form gemmules which are surrounded by a resistant covering to protect themselves from cold or drought conditions. When the sponge dies, it disintegrates and the gemmules are released with their covering intact. When conditions are appropriate, the cell mass inside escapes from the covering and forms a new sponge.

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