Question

All of the following shows devices that can be used with spermicides to increase contraceptive efficiency except

I.

II.

III.

IV.

• A. I
• B. II
• C. III
• D. IV

Answer 1

The correct option is D IV

Spermicidal agents contain spermicides (substances that kill the sperms). These come in different forms like creams, jellies foams, etc. Spermicides are used along with barriers to increase the contraceptive efficiency of the barrier.
A diaphragm is a cup-like device that covers the entrance to the uterus to stop the sperms from reaching the egg. Their protection from STDs is very low. Since the mucous membrane of the vagina will still be exposed even after using the diaphragm, there will be a fair chance of sexually transmitted infections occurring. So, spermicidal agents are used for increasing efficiency.
Cervical caps are smaller forms of diaphragms. They are also fitted to cover the cervix and prevent the sperms from reaching the egg. It is usually used with spermicidal cream or gel. They also do not fairly protect from STDs. And also in the case of male condoms, spermicides can be used to enhance the effectiveness of contraception.
Tubectomy is a surgical procedure (and not a device) that is performed on females. Here the fallopian tubes are cut and tied from both the ends. This leads to blockage of transport of oocyte and consequently also blocks sperms from reaching the oocyte. This prevents the fertilisation of eggs by sperm. This is a highly effective stand-alone mode of contraception that may not require use of spermicidal agents to enhance effectiveness in case of successful procedures.