Aluminium is usually found in its +3 oxidation state . In contrast, thallium exists in both +1 (more stable) and +3 (less stable) oxidation states. This is due to:

lanthanoid contraction

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lattice effect

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diagonal relationship

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inert pair effect

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Solution

The correct option is D inert pair effect
Inert pair effect is a prominent character exhibited by p-block elements

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In which of the following elements +1 oxidation state is more stable than +3 oxidation state?

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