Question

Ammonia is synthesized by:

• A. Haber's process
• B. contact process
• C. Ostwald's process
• D. Both (a) and (c)

Answer 1

The correct option is A

Haber's process

1. Explanation
   In Haber's process, “the atmospheric nitrogen $\left({\mathrm{N}}_2\right)$ is converted to ammonia $\left({\mathrm{NH}}_3\right)$ by reacting it with hydrogen ${\left({\mathrm{H}}_2\right)}^{”}$. Here a metal catalyst is used and high temperatures and pressures are maintained. Air supplies the nitrogen.
   ${\mathrm{N}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+3{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)\rightleftharpoons 2{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)$
2. The explanation for incorrect answers Contact process is for the manufacture of Sulfuric acid$\left({\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)$ $$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{S}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{O}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)\to {\mathrm{SO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right) \\ 2{\mathrm{SO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{O}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)\to 2{\mathrm{SO}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right) \\ {\mathrm{SO}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_7\left(\mathrm{aq}\right) \\ {\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_7\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to 2{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right) \end{gathered}$$ Ostwald process is for the manufacture of Nitric acid$\left({\mathrm{HNO}}_3\right)$ $3{\mathrm{NO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\to 2{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+\mathrm{NO}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)$

Hence, ammonia is synthesized by Haber's process.