AMPLITUDE
This in light refers to the amount of energy in an electromagnetic wave and its meaning is the same here. Amplitude refers to the distance of the maximum vertical displacement of the wave from its mean position. Larger the amplitude, the higher the energy. In sound, amplitude refers to the magnitude of compression and expansion experienced by the medium the sound wave is traveling through. This amplitude is perceived by our ears as loudness. High amplitude is equivalent to loud sounds.
Frequency in a sound wave refers to the rate of the vibration of the sound traveling through the air. This parameter decides whether a sound is perceived as high pitched or low pitched. In sound, the frequency is also known as Pitch. The frequency of the vibrating source of sound is calculated in cycles per second.
The SI unit for Frequency being hertz and its definition being ‘1/T’ where T refers to the time period of the wave. The time period is the time required for the wave to complete one cycle. Wavelength and frequency of a sound wave are related mathematically as:
The velocity of Sound = Frequency * Wavelength
.SHRILLNESS
Shrillness is a word used to describe the quality of sounds that have a high-pitched, strident, raucous, screeching or harsh character, such as those produced by a trumpet or piccolo, but it can also be used to describe a widely recognised and puzzling phenomenon whereby certain sounds are perceived as psychologically painful or aversive to a degree that cannot be accounted for simply in terms of frequency content or loudness. Such sounds include the sound of fingernails scraping a chokboard, the sound of chalk on a blackboard, the sound of glass being scratched, and possibly the sound of a baby crying.