An atom of an __________ shows all the properties of that element.

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Solution

Atom: An atom is the smallest unit of an element that has all the properties of the element.
The basic unit of matter is the atom. Which can take part in chemical reactions and may or may not exist separately.
It consists of sub-atomic particles, i.e., protons, neutrons, and electrons.
According to Dalton's atomic theory, the atom is the smallest unit of matter that can take part in a chemical reaction.
Thus, an atom of an element shows all the properties of that element.

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Question 16
Which of the following are the characteristics of isotopes of an element?

(i) Isotopes of an element have same atomic masses
(ii) Isotopes of an element have same atomic number
(iii) Isotopes of an element show same physical properties
(iv) Isotopes of an element show same chemical properties

(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Q. (a) Explain why:
(i) All the elements of a group have similar chemical properties.
(ii) All the elements of a period have different chemical properties.

(b) The atomic radii of three elements X, Y and Z of a period of the periodic table are 186 pm; 104 pm and 143 pm respectively. Giving a reason, arrange these elements in the increasing order of atomic numbers in the period.

Q. Name the scientist who first of all showed that atomic number of an element is a more fundamental property than its atomic mass.

By giving suitable examples show that all the elements of a group show similar properties, while the properties of the elements in a period show a gradual change.

Q. Assertion (A) : All isotopes of a given element show the same type of chemical behaviour.

Reason (R) : The chemical properties of an atom are controlled by the number of electrons in the atom.

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