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Question

An element has atomic number 15. It will valency of :


A

3

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B

5

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C

3 and 5

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D

Zero

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Solution

The correct option is C

3 and 5


The explanation for the correct answer

Option A

The element with the atomic number 15 is Phosphorous (P). It exhibits the valency of 3 and 5.

  • The atoms tend to achieve a stable electronic configuration or to have a complete octet in their outermost orbits.
  • So, the number of electrons gained, lost, or shared by an atom of an element to complete its octet is known as the valency of the element.
  • Some elements show more than one valency, which is called variable valence.
  • Phosphorous with atomic number 15 has the electronic configuration 2,8,5.
  • So, to complete its octet, one P atom can gain 3 electrons from the other atom. But due to the presence of a vacant d-orbital, they also exhibit the valency of 5.
  • Hence Phosphorous can exhibit the 2 valencies (Both 3 and 5).

Conclusion: Hence Option A is correct.


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