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Question

An element has successive ionization enthalpies as 1st (940), 2080, 3090, 4140, 7030, 7870, 16000 and 19500 kJ mol1. To which group of the periodic table does this element belong?

A
14
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B
15
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C
16
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D
17
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Solution

The correct option is C 16
Notice that there is an abnormal jump in the 7th ionization enthalpy.

Therefore, the element has 6 valence electrons and hence it belongs to group 16.

The electronic configuration would be
1s22s22p63s23p4

Nevertheless, there is a big jump in the 5th ionization enthalpy. It is due to removal of four electrons from the p-subshell, the 5th electron has to be removed from 3s-orbital.

In general, we can say that when there is a change in the sub-shell or change in the shell, there will be a significant leap in the ionization enthalpy. There are some exceptions though.

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