An element has successive ionization enthalpies as 1st (940), 2080, 3090, 4140, 7030, 7870, 16000 and 19500 kJ mol−1. To which group of the periodic table does this element belong?
A
14
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B
15
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C
16
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D
17
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Solution
The correct option is C 16 Notice that there is an abnormal jump in the 7th ionization enthalpy.
Therefore, the element has 6 valence electrons and hence it belongs to group 16.
The electronic configuration would be 1s22s22p63s23p4
Nevertheless, there is a big jump in the 5th ionization enthalpy. It is due to removal of four electrons from the p-subshell, the 5th electron has to be removed from 3s-orbital.
In general, we can say that when there is a change in the sub-shell or change in the shell, there will be a significant leap in the ionization enthalpy. There are some exceptions though.