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Question

An ideal gas in a thermally insulated vessel at internal pressure=P1, volume=V1 and absolute temperature =T1 expands irreversibly against zero external pressure as shown in the diagram. The final internal pressure, volume and absolute temperature of the gas are P2, V2 and T2, respectively. For this expansion which of the following relation(s) holds true?

A
q=0
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B
T2=T1
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C
P2V2=P1V1
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D
P2Vγ2
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Solution

The correct option is C P2V2=P1V1
This is free expansion.
Here w,q,ΔE are zero. ΔT is also zero.
q is zero
T2=T1
P1V1=P2V2
( w=PextV=zero as Pext=zero. Similarly q is zero due to insulation. ΔE=nCvΔT is also zero by 1st law.)

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