An organic compound A having the molecular formula $C_{3} H_{8} O$ is a liquid at room temperature. The organic liquid A reacts with sodium metal to evolve a gas which burns causing a little explosion. When the organic liquid A is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at $170^{o} C$ , it forms a compound B which decolourises bromine water. The compound B adds on one molecule of hydrogen in the present of Ni as catalyst to form compound C which gives substitution reactions with chlorine.

(a) What is compound A ?

(b) What is compound B ?

(c) What type of reaction occurs when A is converted into B ?

(d) What is compound C ?

(e) What type of reaction takes place when B is converted into C ?

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Solution

(a) A is propanol

$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{2} O H$

(b) B is propene

$C H_{3} - C H = C H_{2}$

(c) Dehydration reaction

(d) C is propane

$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{3}$

(e) Addition reaction

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An organic compound A (molecular formula $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2})$ reacts with Na metal to form a compound B and evolves a gas which burns with a pop sound. Compound A on treatment with an alcohol C in the presence of a little of concentrated sulphuric acid forms a sweet-smelling compound D (molecular formula $C_{2} H_{6} O_{2})$ . Compound D on treatment with NaOH solution gives back B and C. Indentity A, B, C and D.

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(a) A is propanol CH3−CH2−CH2OH (b) B is propene CH3−CH=CH2 (c) Dehydration reaction (d) C is propane CH3−CH2−CH3 (e) Addition reaction

(a) A is propanol

$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{2} O H$

(b) B is propene

$C H_{3} - C H = C H_{2}$

(c) Dehydration reaction

(d) C is propane

$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{3}$

(e) Addition reaction