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Question

Anhydrous AlCl3 is covalent. From the data given below, predict whether it would remain covalent or become ionic in aqueous solution.

Given : Ionization energy for AlCl3=5137 kJ mol 1, ΔHydration for Al3+=4665 kJ mol1, ΔHydration for Cl=381 kJ mol1.

A
340 kJ/mol
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B
290 kJ/mol
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C
91 kJ/mol
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D
671 kJ/mol
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Solution

The correct option is C 671 kJ/mol
The enthalpy change ΔH for the reaction AlCl3+(aq)AlCl3(aq) is :

ΔH= Energy released during hydration - Energy used during ionization
=[(4665)(3×381)]+5137= 5808+5137=671 kJ/mol

Since the Energy released during hydration is greater than the Energy used during ionization, AlCl3 will become ionic in aqueous solution.

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