Question

Aniline is separated from a mixture by:

• A. Fractional crystallisation
• B. Fractional distillation
• C. Vacuum distillation
• D. Steam distillation

Answer 1

The correct option is D Steam distillation

Steam distillation is a separation process which consists in distilling water together with other volatile and non-volatile components. The steam distillation process works on the principle that when a mixture of two or more undissolved liquids are heated, while ensuring that the surfaces of both liquids are in contact with the atmosphere, the vapor pressure exerted by the system increases. This is because it now becomes the sum of the vapor pressures of all of the components of the mixture combined together. This allows for evaporation of elements with high boiling points at much lower temperatures merely by allowing them to form a mixture with water. Aniline is separated from a mixture by using this method.