Question

Answer in 40 to 80 words:
Explain in brief the separation and isolation of DNA fragments.

Answer 1

DNA can be separated by agarose gel electrophoresis in which agarose is used as a matrix. DNA sample is added to the slot and current is applied to it. The smaller molecules move faster and the larger molecules are retarded. In this method, separation is based on charge and size of the DNA fragment. Isolation of DNA from agarose gels by electrophoresis can be done using the DEAE-cellulose membrane. It is done by transfer of all DNA fragments from an agarose slab gel onto DEAE-cellulose paper. Individual fragments of DNA are then eluted using 0.1 M NaCl.