Question

Answer in 40 to 80 words:
With reference to ecological succession define the following terms:
i) Climax community
ii) Sere(s)
iii) Pioneer species.

Answer 1

1) Climax community is a stable, self-perpetuating and final community that appears in an area at the end of biotic succession. It is in perfect harmony with the climate of the area.

2) Sere is an intermediate developmental stage found in ecological succession in an ecosystem. This is a stage which is moving towards its climax.

3) Pioneer species are species which recolonize an area after there has been damage to the ecosystem. They are mostly hardy plants that can survive with little nutrition such as lichens.