Answer in one word or in one substance:
The smallest particle of a substance that can exist freely and retain the characteristics of that substance.

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Solution

Atoms
It is the smallest part into which an element can be divided.
It exhibits all the properties of elements.
Atoms of the same element are alike.
They may or may not exist independently.
Example- Carbon atom is represented by C, Oxygen atom is represented by O.
Hence, The smallest particle of a substance that can exist freely and retain the characteristics of that substance is called an atom.

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