Question

Antibodies made outside the body by hybrid cell cultures are known as

• A. Biotechnological antibodies
• B. Specific antibodies
• C. Hybrid antibodies
• D. Monoclonal antibodies

Answer 1

The correct option is D Monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies that are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell. Monoclonal antibodies can have monovalent affinity, in that they bind to the same epitope (the part of an antigen that is recognized by the antibody). In contrast, polyclonal antibodies bind to multiple epitopes and are usually made by several different plasma cell (antibody secreting immune cell) lineages. Bispecific monoclonal antibodies can also be engineered, by increasing the therapeutic targets of one single monoclonal antibody to two epitopes. Given almost any substance, it is possible to produce monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to that substance; they can then serve to detect or purify that substance. This has become an important tool in biochemistry, molecular biology, and medicine.

So the correct option is 'monoclonal antibodies'.