Question

Any recombinant DNA with a desired gene is required in billion copies for commercial use. How is the amplification done? Explain.

Answer 1

1. Amplification refers to the process of making multiple copies of the DNA segment in vitro.

2. It employs polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

3. The process was designed by K.Mullis.

4. This technique involves three main steps :

• Denaturation
  
• Primer annealing and
  
• Extension of primers.
  

5. The double-stranded DNA is denatured by using high temperature.

6. Two sets of primers are used.Primers are the chemically synthesized short segments of DNA that are complementary to the segment of DNA.

7. DNA polymerase is the enzyme used to make copies of DNA by using the genomic template DNA and the primer.