Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of mixtures into its individual components.
The procedure is as follows:
First, the chromatographic paper is marked with a dot of the ink. This marked paper is placed in a beaker/container with water inside it.
As the water starts rising on the paper, the colours in the ink also starts rising in the paper.
Colours which are more soluble rises to a greater height as compared to others.