Assertion :Aldol condensation is usually carried out in dilute solution of a strong base. Reason: Concentrated solution of strong base involves Cannizzaro reaction.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is C Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
In aldol condensation, an enol or an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), concentration of the base is not predominately used to break the C=O.

So in aldol reaction base is used to form enolate means to abstract acidic hydrogen from alpha position. Alpha hydrogens are more acidic so a weaker base can abstract it.

Hence it is carried out in dilute solution of base.

$50 %$ concentrated NaOH solution is generally used in Cannizaro reaction as it is used for aldehydes which do not have α-H. (There are a few exceptions though)

Option C is correct.

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