Assertion :All the finches on the Galapagos Islands descended from a common ancestor. Reason: They show variations only in their beaks as they got adapted to different feeding habits.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

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Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.

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Solution

The correct option is A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
Darwin observed the diversity in the type of beaks of finches adapted to different feeding habits on the Galapagos islands. This is considered as an example of adaptive radiation. The process of evolution which results in the transformation of original species to many different varieties is called adaptive radiation. This is an indication that all the finches on the Galapagos Islands descended from a common ancestor. Thus the correct answer is option A.

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