Assertion :Benzoic acid on nitration will give m-nitro benzoic acid. Reason: -COOH group will increase $e^{-}$ density on meta position.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is C Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
Benzoic acid on nitration will give m-nitro benzoic acid.

As $- C O O H$ is an electron withdrawing group, it removes electron density from a $π$ system, making the system more electrophilic, which directs the incoming group to the meta position.

$- C O O H$ group decreases the electron density from ortho and para position not increase the electron density from meta position.

Hence, the assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.

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Choose the correct option.

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Assertion :Benzoic acid on nitration will give m-nitro benzoic acid. Reason: -COOH group will increase e− density on meta position.

Assertion :Benzoic acid on nitration will give m-nitro benzoic acid. Reason: -COOH group will increase $e^{-}$ density on meta position.