Question

Assertion: Darwin’s finches show a variety of beaks suited for eating large seeds, flying insects, and cactus seeds.

Reason: Ancestral seed-eating stock of Darwin’s finches radiated out from South America mainland to different geographical areas of the Galapagos Islands, where they found competitor-free new habitats.

Answer 1

The Darwin finches originally come from the mainland of South America. Since Galapagos islands are 1000 km away from the mainland, originally a small group of finches migrated; these were originally seed-eating birds. Upon getting a competitor-free new habitat, to partition the resources and prevent struggle for existence, Darwin’s finches developed a variety of beak modifications. So both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.