Assertion : $- {N H}_{2}$ group of aniline is ortho, para directing in electrophilic substitutions. Reason: $- {N H}_{2}$ group stabilises the arenium ion formed by the ortho, para attach of the electrophile

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
$- N H_{2}$ group of aniline is ortho, para directing in electrophilic substitutions.
$- N H_{2}$ group stabilises the arenium ion formed by the ortho, para attach of the electrophile.
$- N H_{2}$ group has unshared pair of electrons on N atom. It is electron releasing due to +E and +M effect. It increases the electron density on benzene nucleus in ortho and para positions and activates the ring.
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

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Assertion :−NH2 group of aniline is ortho, para directing in electrophilic substitutions. Reason: −NH2 group stabilises the arenium ion formed by the ortho, para attach of the electrophile

Assertion : $- {N H}_{2}$ group of aniline is ortho, para directing in electrophilic substitutions. Reason: $- {N H}_{2}$ group stabilises the arenium ion formed by the ortho, para attach of the electrophile