Assertion :Genetic drift refers to changes in the allele frequency occurring by chance. Reason: Sampling errors often lead to the elimination of certain alleles and fixation of others, reducing genetic variability.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is B Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
Genetic drift refers to the elimination of the genes of certain traits when a section of population migrates or dies of natural calamity. It alters the genes frequency of the remaining population. Hence, genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that acts in concert with natural selection to change species characteristics over time. Gene frequency in small populations changes by chance. In small populations some genes may be lost or reduced and others may increase by sheer chance irrespective of their selective advantage or disadvantage. Genetic drift may fix some non-adaptive traits in small populations. It tends to preserve or eliminate genes without distinction (opposite to natural selection which selects and favors genes of adaptive value).

So, the correct answer is 'Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion'.

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