Assertion :In isothermal process, whole of the heat supplied to the body is converted into internal energy. Reason: According to the first law of thermodynamics:
$Δ Q = Δ U + p Δ V$

Choose the correct option.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
First law of thermodynamics,

$Δ Q = Δ U + P Δ V$ [ $P V = n R T$ ]

$Δ Q = Δ U + n R Δ T$ $P Δ V = n R Δ T$

For isothermal change $Δ T = 0$

$∴$ $Δ Q = Δ U$

In other words whole of heat supplied is converted into internal energy.

Thus assertion is correct and reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.

Hence, the correct option is $A$

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