Assertion :Oxidation number of carbon in $H C H O$ is zero. Reason: $H C H O$ is a covalent organic compound.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is B Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
The assertion is correct. Let the oxidation state of $C$ be x. The oxidation state of $H$ and $O$ are +1 and -2 respectively.
Therefore, $1 \times (+ 1) + 1 \times (x) + 1 \times (+ 1) + 1 \times (- 2) = 0 ⟹ 1 + x + 1 - 2 = 0 ⟹ x = 2 - 2 = 0$
The reason is also correct. $H C H O$ is a covalent organic compound containing an aldehyde functional group. But this is not the correct reason for the assertion.
Hence, Option B is the correct answer.

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Assertion :Oxidation number of carbon in HCHO is zero. Reason: HCHO is a covalent organic compound.

Assertion :Oxidation number of carbon in $H C H O$ is zero. Reason: $H C H O$ is a covalent organic compound.