Assertion :When 1 mole of hypophosphorous acid is treated with excess of iodine in acidic solution, 1 mole of iodine is reduced; on making the solution alkaline, another mole of iodine is consumed. Reason: $H_{3} P O_{2} + I_{2} + H_{2} O ⟶ H_{3} P O_{3} + 2 I^{-} + 2 H^{+} H_{3} P O_{3} + I_{2} + 2 O H^{-} ⟶ H_{3} P O_{4} + 2 I^{-} + H_{2} O$

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

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Solution

The correct option is A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
When hypophosphorous acid, $H_{3} P O_{2}$ reacts with iodine in acid, being a powerful reducing agent, it reduces $I_{2}$ and produces phosphorous acid, $H_{3} P O_{3}$ and hydrogen iodide.

$H_{3} P O_{2} + I_{2} + H_{2} O \to H_{3} P O_{3} + 2 H I$

$H_{3} P O_{3}$ in alkaline solution again reduces another mole of $I_{2}$ .

$H_{3} P O_{3} + O H^{-} + I_{2} \to H_{3} P O_{4} + 2 H I$

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Assertion :When 1 mole of hypophosphorous acid is treated with excess of iodine in acidic solution, 1 mole of iodine is reduced; on making the solution alkaline, another mole of iodine is consumed. Reason: H3PO2+I2+H2O⟶H3PO3+2I−+2H+H3PO3+I2+2OH−⟶H3PO4+2I−+H2O