Assertion :When the distance between two bodies is doubled and also the mass of each body is doubled, the gravitational force between them remains the same Reason: According to Newton's law of gravitation, force is directly proportional to mass of the bodies and inversely proportional to square of the distance between them

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct

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Solution

The correct option is A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
According to Newton's law of gravitation, the gravitational force between the two bodies of masses $m_{1}$ and $m_{2}$ is $F = - \frac{G m_{1} m_{2}}{r^{2}}$
When the distance $r$ between them and masses are doubled, the gravitational force becomes, $F^{'} = - \frac{G (2 m_{1}) (2 m_{2})}{(2 r)^{2}} = - \frac{G m_{1} m_{2}}{r^{2}} = F$
Hence assertion and reason both are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

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