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Boyle's Law

At a particul...

Question

At a particular temperature and pressure, three states of a substance may coexist. Which of the following explain best about the statement.

A

Law of Definite Composition

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B

Nuclear fusion

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C

Van der Waals forces

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D

Graham's Law of Diffusion (Effusion)

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E

Triple point

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Solution

The correct option is E Triple point
At a particular temperature and pressure, three states (gas, liquid, and solid) of a substance may coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. This occurs at triple point.
Note: The triple point of mercury occurs at a temperature of $- 38.8$ $^{o}$ C and a pressure of $0.2$ mPa.

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Q. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true:
I - Slope of isotherm at critical point is maximum.
II - Larger the value of

T_{c}

, easier is the liquefaction of gas.
III - van der Waals' equation of state is applicable below critical temperature at all pressures.

The essential conditions for liquefaction of gases were discovered by Andrews in

1869

as a result of his study of pressure-volume-temperature relationship for

C O_{2}

. It was found that above a certain temperature, it was impossible to liquefy a gas whatever the pressure was applied. The temperature below which the gas can be liquefied by the application of pressure alone is called critical temperature

(T_{c})

. The pressure required to liquefy a gas at this temperature is called the critical pressure

(P_{c)}

. The volume occupied by one mole of the substance at the critical temperature and pressure is called critical volume. Critical constants are related with van der Waals' constant as follows:

V_{c} = 3 b, P_{c} = \frac{a}{27 b^{2}}, T_{c} = \frac{8 a}{27 R b}

.

Which of the following parameters is three times the van der Waals' constant

^{'} b^{'}

?

Q. Choose the correct statement regarding the van der waals' equation when one mole of a has is kept at high temperature and low pressure:

Q. Graham's law states that at same pressure and temperature, rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to its molecular mass.

Q. At high temperature and low pressure, the van der Waals equation is reduced to:

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