Question

Baking soda mainly contains sodium bicarbonate. When this is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid, the following reaction occurs.
$NaHC{O}_3+HCl\to NaCl+C{O}_2+H_{2}O$
Answer the questions below.
i) What is the valency of the sodium ion?
ii) What is the valency of the bicarbonate ion?
iii) Is the chloride ion monovalent or divalent?
iv) What do the symbols $\to$ and $\uparrow$ imply in the reaction?
v) If one more $H^{+}$ ion is removed from bicarbonate ion gives carbonate ion. Write the formula of the carbonate radical.
vi) The bicarbonate ion is __________ anion.( Monoatomic / Polyatomic)
vii) Name the products formed in the above reaction.
viii) Identify the cation and the anion in the formula of Sodium chloride.
ix) What is the difference between sodium and sodium ion.
x) State the law which must be fulfilled, while balancing the chemical equation.

Answer 1

(i) $\left[N{a}^{+}C{l}^{-}\right]/\left[N{a}^{+}\right(HC{O}_3{)}^{-}]$

The valency of the sodium ion is One.

(ii) $\left[N{a}^{+}\right(HC{O}_3{)}^{-}]$

The valency of the bicarbonate ion is One.

(iii) In the above reaction, chloride ion is monovalent.

(iv) Symbol $(\to )$ means reaction is proceeded or reaction is taking place. Symbol $(\uparrow )$ means reactant or product is gaseous in nature.

(v) $(H^{+}C{O}_3^{2-}{)}^{-}⟶$ Bicarbonate

$H^{+}$ is removed, therefore it becomes $\left(C{O}_3^{2-}\right)⟶$ Carbonate radical

(vi) The bicarbonate ion is Polyatomic ion.

(vii) Products formed:- $\underset{SodiumChloride}{\left(NaCl\right)}$

$\left(C{O}_2\right)⟶$ Carbon dioxide

$\left(H_{2}O\right)⟶$ Water

(viii) Cation means radical bearing positive charge whereas Anion means radical bearing negative charge. Therefore, in $NaCl⟶N{a}^{+}$ is cation and $C{l}^{-}$ is anion.

(ix) In sodium, number of electrons present is $11$ and in sodium ion, number of $e^{-}$ present is $10$.

(x) While balancing the chemical reaction, law of conservation of mass must be fulfilled.