Balance the chemical equation Na+H2O= NaOH+H2
You have to count the number of atoms in both sides of the reaction to be equal, to make it a little easier you can make a list. So in the equation Na+H2O= NaOH+H2 , there are
1−Na−1
2−H−3
1−O−1
So you multiply NaOH and H2O by 2, so you have 4 hydrogens in both sides, and then multiply Na by 2 to be equal to the NaOH you previously multiplied