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Question

Balance the following equations:

(i) HgO ⇢ Hg + O2

(ii) C4H10 (g) + O2 (g) ⇢ CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

(iii) BaCl2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) ⇢ AlCl3 (aq) +BaSO4 (aq)


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Solution

Balanced chemical equations:

The reaction must be balanced in order to satisfy the law of conservation of mass that states the number of atoms on both sides of the reaction must be equal.

To balance the chemical equation:

  • Firstly count the number of atoms for each element present in the reaction and write them separately for reactants and products.
  • Place the smallest whole number as a coefficient in front of the reactants and products where required.

(i) HgO ⇢ Hg + O2

Reactant SideProduct Side
Hg = 1Hg = 1
O = 1O = 2

The balanced equation is given as:

2HgO ⇢ 2Hg + O2

(ii) C4H10 (g) + O2 (g) ⇢ CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

Reactant SideProduct Side
C = 4C = 1
H = 10H = 2
O = 2O = 3

The balanced equation is given as:

2C4H10 (g) + 13O2 (g) ⇢ 8CO2 (g) + 10H2O (l)

(iii) BaCl2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) ⇢ AlCl3 (aq) +BaSO4 (aq)

Reactant SideProduct Side
Ba = 1Ba = 1
Cl = 2Cl = 3
Al = 2Al = 1
S = 3S = 1
O = 12 O = 4

The balanced reaction is given as:

3BaCl2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) ⇢ 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3BaSO4 (aq)


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