Based on the relationship of entropy to the degree of disorder of a system, which response includes all the occurrences listed that represent a decrease in entropy?
I. The freezing of water
II. The vaporization of water
III. Sublimation (vaporization) of dry ice, solid $C O_{2}$
IV. The extraction of Mg and pure water from seawater

I and II

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II and IV

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I and IV

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III

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II and III

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Solution

The correct option is C I and IV
Following response includes all the occurrences listed that represent a decrease in entropy.
I. The freezing of water
Entropy of liquid is more than the entropy of solid.
IV. The extraction of Mg and pure water from seawater
The entropy of sea water is more than the sum of the entropies of Mg and pure water.
Following response includes all the occurrences listed that represent a increase in entropy.
II. The vaporization of water
The entropy of water vapour is higher than the entropy of liquid water.
III. Sublimation (vaporization) of dry ice, solid $C O_{2}$
The entropy of $C O_{2}$ gas is greater than the enropy of dry ice.

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Similar questions

Q. The pressure on a sample of water at its triple point is reduced while the temperature is held constant. Which phases changes are favoured?

(I) melting of ice
(II) sublimation of ice
(III) vaporization of liquid water.

Q. For many substances, there exists a temperature

T_{t r}

. and a pressure ptr at which all the three phases of a substance (gaseous, liquid, and solid) are in equilibrium. These temperature and pressure are known as the triple point. For example,

T_{t r} = {0.0075}^{\circ} C

and

p_{t r} = 4.58 m m

Hg for water. The latent heat of vaporization of water at the triple point is

q = 2.48 \times 10^{3} k J / k g

, and the latent heat of fusion of ice is

λ = 0.34 \times 10^{3} k J / k g

.
Find the latent heat

v

of sublimation (i.e. a direct transition from the solid to the gaseous state) of water at the triple point.

Question 12

Which of the following is (are) an endothermic process(es)?

(i) Dilution of sulphuric acid.
(ii) Sublimation of dry ice.
(iii) Condensation of water vapours.
(iv) Evaporation of water.

(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) only
(c) (iii) only
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Q. Assertion :When a solute is added to pure water, the vapor pressure of the water will decrease. Reason: All solutes dissociate into positive and negative ions.

Q. In which of the following processes do the change in the states of matter involve the absorption of energy if the pressure remains same?
i. Conversion of water into vapor
ii.Conversion of ice into liquid
iii. Conversion of solid

C O_{2}

into gaseous

C O_{2}

iv. Conversion of water vapor into liquid water

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