1
Question
Bioreactors are equipped to maintain which of the following conditions in the culture medium?
Bioreactors are equipped to maintain which of the following conditions in the culture medium?
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Solution
The correct option is D All of the above
Bioreactors are large vessels which are used to grow large volumes of culture (containing microbial, plant or animal cells) for obtaining the product expressed by the gene of interest.
Bioreactors are usually provided with systems for temperature and pH control, sampling ports, inlets for addition of nutrient medium and inoculum, steam inlets for sterilisation and outlets for product extraction.
With the help of the temperature and pH control systems, bioreactors provide optimal growth conditions for the cells.
Maintenance of pH, usually between 6-8, is crucial for cell growth which is done by addition of buffers etc.
The excess heat generated in the bioreactors due to the metabolic reactions of the growing cells gets eliminated due to the presence of cooling jackets. The cooling jackets are filled with water which absorbs the excess heat in the bioreactor.
Bioreactors also have inlets to allow the entry of steam into the culture media. Water, when evaporates by absorbing heat energy, forms steam. Hence, steam contains more heat than liquid boiling water at 100℃ as it has absorbed the extra heat to transform into the gaseous state. This extra heat in steam (latent heat of vaporisation) kills the microbes and sterilises the medium prior to inoculation.
Desired cells (recombinant cells, from where large-scale extraction of the products need to be done) are introduced externally as an inoculum into the culture medium of a bioreactor.
Thus bioreactors are designed to provide an optimum temperature, pH and sterile environment for the growth of the desired cells.
Bioreactors are large vessels which are used to grow large volumes of culture (containing microbial, plant or animal cells) for obtaining the product expressed by the gene of interest.
Bioreactors are usually provided with systems for temperature and pH control, sampling ports, inlets for addition of nutrient medium and inoculum, steam inlets for sterilisation and outlets for product extraction.
With the help of the temperature and pH control systems, bioreactors provide optimal growth conditions for the cells.
Maintenance of pH, usually between 6-8, is crucial for cell growth which is done by addition of buffers etc.
The excess heat generated in the bioreactors due to the metabolic reactions of the growing cells gets eliminated due to the presence of cooling jackets. The cooling jackets are filled with water which absorbs the excess heat in the bioreactor.
Bioreactors also have inlets to allow the entry of steam into the culture media. Water, when evaporates by absorbing heat energy, forms steam. Hence, steam contains more heat than liquid boiling water at 100℃ as it has absorbed the extra heat to transform into the gaseous state. This extra heat in steam (latent heat of vaporisation) kills the microbes and sterilises the medium prior to inoculation.
Desired cells (recombinant cells, from where large-scale extraction of the products need to be done) are introduced externally as an inoculum into the culture medium of a bioreactor.
Thus bioreactors are designed to provide an optimum temperature, pH and sterile environment for the growth of the desired cells.
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