A Reverse Osmosis is the process of osmosis in reverse. A Reverse Osmosis membrane is semi-permeable and allows the passage of water molecules but not the majority of salts, bacteria, organic substances etc. Here in reverse osmosis an applied pressure is used to overcome the osmotic pressure (osmosis).
Protoplasm is the living matter present inside the cell, it is composed of fats,proteins, nucleic acid and some other molecules which are suspended in water. The cytoplasm along with the cellular organelles is called protoplasm.