Question

Briefly describe the institutional reforms introduced in Indian agriculture.

Answer 1

• Collectivisation, consolidation of land holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari etc. were given priority to bring institutional reforms in the country after independence.
  
• Land reform was the main focus of our first Five Year Plan. The right of inheritance had already led to fragmentation of land holdings necessitating consolidation of land holdings.
  
• The Government of India embarked upon introducing agricultural reforms to improve Indian agriculture in the 1960's and 1970's.
  
• The Green Revolution based on the use of package technology and the White Revolution were some of the strategies initiated to improve a lot of Indian agriculture.
  
• Provision for crop insurance against flood, drought, cyclone, fire and disease, the establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest were some important steps in this direction.
  
• Kissan Credit Card (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS), are some other schemes introduced by the government of India for the benefit of farmers.