Briefly
discuss the three principles of justice outlined in the chapter.
Explain each with examples.
Briefly discuss the three principles of justice outlined in the chapter. Explain each with examples.
Equal
Treatment of Equals:
This
indicates the principle of treating people equally.
All
individuals share certain characteristics as human beings.
Therefore, they deserve to be treated equally and provided with
equal rights.
It
includes civil rights like right to life, liberty and property,
political rights like right to vote and social rights related to
equal social opportunities.
It
also prohibits discrimination on the grounds of class, caste, gender
and race.
For
example, two individuals from different backgrounds should be paid
same reward for the same kind of job.
Proportionate
justice:
This
principle indicates rewarding people in proportion to the scale and
quality of their effort.
It
is just to reward different jobs differently on the basis of efforts
and skills required and the danger involved.
Thus,
proportionality provides balance to the principle of equal
treatment.
The
reward and compensation for a surgeon and an architect varies
according to the skill that is required in their job.
Recognition
of Special Needs:
This
principle is based on distributing rewards and duties on the basis
of special needs of people.
On
the basis of factors such as age, physical disabilities and lack of
access to good education or health care, special treatment is given
in many countries.
People
with special needs or disabilities are treated unequal in some
particular respect and therefore are provided with some deserving
and special help.
A
physically challenged person getting a reserved seat in bus is an
example of principle of recognition of special needs.
Equal Treatment of Equals:
This indicates the principle of treating people equally.
All individuals share certain characteristics as human beings. Therefore, they deserve to be treated equally and provided with equal rights.
It includes civil rights like right to life, liberty and property, political rights like right to vote and social rights related to equal social opportunities.
It also prohibits discrimination on the grounds of class, caste, gender and race.
For example, two individuals from different backgrounds should be paid same reward for the same kind of job.
Proportionate justice:
This principle indicates rewarding people in proportion to the scale and quality of their effort.
It is just to reward different jobs differently on the basis of efforts and skills required and the danger involved.
Thus, proportionality provides balance to the principle of equal treatment.
The reward and compensation for a surgeon and an architect varies according to the skill that is required in their job.
Recognition of Special Needs:
This principle is based on distributing rewards and duties on the basis of special needs of people.
On the basis of factors such as age, physical disabilities and lack of access to good education or health care, special treatment is given in many countries.
People with special needs or disabilities are treated unequal in some particular respect and therefore are provided with some deserving and special help.
A physically challenged person getting a reserved seat in bus is an example of principle of recognition of special needs.
