Question

Briefly explain the principles of scientific management.

Answer 1

(1) Science, Not Rule of Thumb:

This principle says that we should not get stuck in a set routine with the old techniques of doing work, rather we should be constantly experimenting to develop new techniques which make the work much simpler, easier and quicker.

(2) Harmony, Not Discord:

As per this principle, such an atmosphere should be created in the organisation that labour (the major factor of production) and management consider each other indispensable.

Taylor has referred to such a situation as a ‘Mental Revolution’. Taylor firmly believed that the occurrence of a mental revolution would end all conflicts between the two parties and would be beneficial to both of them.

(3) Cooperation, Not Individualism:

According to this principle, all the activities done by different people must be carried on with a spirit of mutual cooperation. Taylor has suggested that the manager and the workers should jointly determine standards. This increases involvement and thus, in turn, increases responsibility. In this way we can expect miraculous results.

(4) Development of Each and Every Person to His / Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity:

According to this principle, the efficiency of each and every person should be taken care of right from his selection. A proper arrangement of everybody’s training should be made.

It should also be taken care that each individual should be allotted work according to his ability and interest. Such a caring attitude would create a sense of enthusiasm among the employees and a feeling of belongingness too.