Question

Briefly mention the structure of a typical chromosome.

Answer 1

A chromosome is defined as an organised form of DNA with proteins present in the cell. Chromatin condenses during cell division to form chromosome.
A chromosome consists of two spirally coiled, identical sister chromatids that are joined together by a centromere (primary constriction). They are covered with a sheath made of proteins. The sheath is filled with a granular matter referred as matrix. Two threads called chromonemata are present inside the matrix (during prophase). Some chromosomes have another constriction called secondary constriction.