By the addition of only one solution how would you distinguish between dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute nitric acid?

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Solution

In order to distinguish between hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, silver nitrate solution is used. The formation of a white precipitate of silver chloride confirms the presence of hydrochloric acid, whereas no precipitate indicates the presence of nitric acid.

HNO₃ + AgNO₃ → no reaction

HCl (aq) + AgNO₃(aq) → AgCl (s) + HNO₃(aq)
(white ppt.)

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