By the reaction of $α -$ ketoglutaric acid with ammonia, through which of the process glutamic acid is formed?

Oxidative amination

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Reductive amination

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Ammonification

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All of the above

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Solution

The correct option is B Reductive amination
An $α$ -keto acids can be reductively aminated to the respective $α$ -amino acids via amino acid dehydrogenase enzyme using NADPH as cofactor. Glutamic acid forms by the addition of amino (-NH $_{2}$ ) group from ammonia to $α$ ketoglutaric acid. This process is called as the reductive amination reaction. Glutamic acid thus formed acts as the carrier of nitrogen in the body.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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a -Ketoglutaric acid + $N H_{4}^{+}$ + NADPH $G l u t a m a t e - -------- \to d e h y d r o g e n a s e G l u t a m a t e + H_{2} O + N A D P$

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