A bioreactor can be defined as an apparatus, such as a large fermentation chamber, for growing organisms such as bacteria or yeast that are used in the biotechnological manufacture of substances such as pharmaceuticals, antibodies, or vaccines, or for the bioconversion of organic waste. Fermenter • However a fermenter can be defined as an apparatus that maintains optimal conditions for the growth of microorganisms, used in largescale fermentation and in the commercial production of antibiotics and hormones