Latent heat is energy that is provided or removed in a hidden form to affect a substance's state without changing its temperature.
Sensible heat is heat exchanged by a body or thermodynamic system in which the exchange of heat changes the temperature of the body or system and some macroscopic variables of the body or system but leaves unchanged certain other macroscopic variables of the body or system, such as volume or pressure.
The energy required for a material to transition from solid to a liquid state is the Latent heat of melting, and from liquid to gas is the latent heat of vaporization. Thus a thermometer cannot measure any temperature change when heat is supplied during phase change.
Therefore, a thermometer cannot detect latent heat. Only the sensible heat can be measured by a thermometer.