Question

Canal normally used for diversion of flood water of a river is _______

• A. Feeder canal
• B. Inundation canal
• C. Ridge canal
• D. Contour canal

Answer 1

The correct option is B Inundation canal

$\text{(a) Inundation canal}$

1. an indundation canal is the one which gets its supplies only when the water level in the river, from which it takes off rise during floods.
2. These canals are not provided with any headworks for diversion of river water to the canal but obtain their supplies through open cuts in the bank of the river, which are called "heads."
3. The inundation canal are therefore non-perennial canals and the flow in these canal depend on the periodical rise of water level in the river.

$\text{Feeder canal}$

1. A feeder canal is the one which is constructed only to feed another canal.
2. No. direct irrigation is carried out from a feeder canal.
3. It is also known as feeder.
4. One of the important examples of feeder canal is Indira Gandhi feeder canal.

$\text{Ridge canal or watershed canal}$

1. A ridge or watershed canal is the one which is aligned along the ridge or the natural watershed line.
2. When the canal runs on a watershed it can irrigate areas on both sides and hence a large area can be brought under construction i.e. the canal has a higher command area.
3. Further no drainage can intersect a ridge line or watershed, as all the drainage flow away from the ridge line, a ridge canal does not cross drainage line and hence for this canal cross drainage works are not required to be provided.

$\text{Contour canal}$

1. A contour canal is the one which is aligned nearly parallel to the contours of the country.
2. It can irrigate area only on one side. As the ground level on the other side is higher it is not necessary to construct a bank on the side. Such a canal with only one bank is know as single bank canal.
3. When both the banks are provided it is know as double bank canal.