Carbon, silicon, and germanium have four valence electrons each. These are characterised by valence and conduction bands separated by energy band gap respectively equal to $(E_{g})_{S i}, (E_{g})_{c}$ and $(E_{g})_{G e}$ . Which of the following statements is true?
$A) (E_{g})_{S i} < (E_{g})_{G e} < (E_{g})_{C}$
$B) (E_{g})_{C} < (E_{g})_{G e} > (E_{g})_{S i}$
$C) (E_{g})_{C} > (E_{g})_{S i} > (E_{g})_{G e}$
$D) (E_{g})_{C} = (E_{g})_{S i} = (E_{g})_{G e}$

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Solution

The energy bandgap for
Carbon (Diamond), $E_{g} ≅ 5.5 e V$
Silicon $E_{g} ≅ 1.14 e V$
Germanium $E_{g} ≅ 0.67 e V$

Out of carbon, germanium, and silicon, carbon has the maximum energy bandgap whereas germanium has the least energy bandgap.
$(E_{g})_{C} > (E_{g})_{S i} > (E_{g})_{G e}$
Final Answer : (C).

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