CASE 1: Read the passage given below and answer the following question

The solution which obeys Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions. The solution which does not obey Raoults law over the entire range of concentration, then it is called non-ideal solution. The vapour pressure of such as a solution is either higher or lower than that predicted by Raoult’s law. If it is higher, the solution exhibits positive deviation and if it is lower, it exhibits negative deviation from Raoult’s law.
Some liquids on mixing, form azeotropes which are binary mixture having the same composition in liquid and vapour phase. There are two types of azeotropes. Minimum boiling azeotropes and maximum boiling azeotropes.

Correct statement(s) about azeotropes is/are:
[0.77 Mark]

Binary mixture having same composition in liquid and vapour phase

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Boils at a constant temperature

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It is not possible to separate the components by fractional distillation

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All of these

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Solution

The correct option is D All of these
Azeotropes are binary mixture having the same composition in liquid and vapour phase and boils at a constant temperature.
It is not possible to separate the components of azeotropes by fractional distillation.

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Q. CASE1: Read the passage given below and answer the following question.

The solution which obeys Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions. The solution which does not obey Raoults law over the entire range of concentration, then it is called non-ideal solution. The vapour pressure of such as a solution is either higher or lower than that predicted by Raoult’s law. If it is higher, the solution exhibits positive deviation and if it is lower, it exhibits negative deviation from Raoult’s law.
Some liquids on mixing, form azeotropes which are binary mixture having the same composition in liquid and vapour phase. There are two types of azeotropes. Minimum boiling azeotropes and maximum boiling azeotropes.

Which of the following solutions show negative deviation from Raoult’s law?
[0.77 Mark]

Q. Assertion :The solutions which show large positive deviations from Raoult's law form maximum boiling azeotropes. Reason: 95% aqueous solution of ethanol is maximum boiling azeotrope

Q. Paragraph for below question
नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न के लिए अनुच्छेद

The solutions which obey Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions. A perfectly ideal solution is rare but some solutions are nearly ideal in behaviour. When a solution does not obey Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration, then it is called non-ideal solution. The vapour pressure of such a solution is either higher or lower than predicted by Raoult’s law. If it is higher, the solution exhibits positive deviation and if it is lower, it exhibits negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

वे विलयन जो सान्द्रता की सम्पूर्ण परास पर राउल्ट के नियम का पालन करते हैं, आदर्श विलयन कहलाते हैं। एक पूर्णतः आदर्श विलयन दुर्लभ होता है लेकिन कुछ विलयनों का व्यवहार लगभग आदर्श होता है। जब विलयन सांद्रता की सम्पूर्ण परास पर राउल्ट के नियम का पालन नहीं करता, तो यह अनआदर्श विलयन कहलाता है। इस प्रकार के विलयन का वाष्प दाब राउल्ट के नियम से निर्धारित मान से उच्च या निम्न होता है। यदि यह उच्च होता है, तो विलयन राउल्ट के नियम से धनात्मक विचलन दर्शाता है तथा यदि यह निम्न होता है, तो यह ऋणात्मक विचलन दर्शाता है।

Q. The solution which shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law is

प्रश्न - राउल्ट के नियम से ऋणात्मक विचलन दर्शाने वाला विलयन है

Q. Paragraph for below question
नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न के लिए अनुच्छेद

The solutions which obey Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions. A perfectly ideal solution is rare but some solutions are nearly ideal in behaviour. When a solution does not obey Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration, then it is called non-ideal solution. The vapour pressure of such a solution is either higher or lower than predicted by Raoult’s law. If it is higher, the solution exhibits positive deviation and if it is lower, it exhibits negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

वे विलयन जो सान्द्रता की सम्पूर्ण परास पर राउल्ट के नियम का पालन करते हैं, आदर्श विलयन कहलाते हैं। एक पूर्णतः आदर्श विलयन दुर्लभ होता है लेकिन कुछ विलयनों का व्यवहार लगभग आदर्श होता है। जब विलयन सांद्रता की सम्पूर्ण परास पर राउल्ट के नियम का पालन नहीं करता, तो यह अनआदर्श विलयन कहलाता है। इस प्रकार के विलयन का वाष्प दाब राउल्ट के नियम से निर्धारित मान से उच्च या निम्न होता है। यदि यह उच्च होता है, तो विलयन राउल्ट के नियम से धनात्मक विचलन दर्शाता है तथा यदि यह निम्न होता है, तो यह ऋणात्मक विचलन दर्शाता है।

Q. For ideal solution, which of the given relations is incorrect?

प्रश्न - आदर्श विलयन के लिए, निम्नलिखित में से कौनसा सम्बन्ध गलत है?

Q. Assertion : Azeotropic mixtures are formed only by non - ideal solutions and they may have boiling points either greater than both the components or less than both the components.
Reason : The composition of the vapour phase is same as that of the liquid phase of an azeotropic mixture.

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The correct option is D All of theseAzeotropes are binary mixture having the same composition in liquid and vapour phase and boils at a constant temperature. It is not possible to separate the components of azeotropes by fractional distillation.

The correct option is D All of these
Azeotropes are binary mixture having the same composition in liquid and vapour phase and boils at a constant temperature.
It is not possible to separate the components of azeotropes by fractional distillation.